A recent study suggests that UK oyster farms enhance marine biodiversity.

The study, 'Ecosystem Benefits of UK Oyster Aquaculture Sites' (ECM_65323), was carried out by Hexham-based Envision Marine Ltd and the University of Essex.

Underwater images were collected and sediment samples were analysed, among other practices, to evaluate the diversity of marine life at oyster farms compared to control areas with no oysters.

The project was funded by the Fisheries Industry Science Partnerships (FISP) scheme, with matched funding from the Fishmongers’ Company’s Fisheries Charitable Trust.

The research, which was conducted in 2023, focused on three Pacific oyster farms and one naturalised Pacific oyster reef, as well as a native oyster farm.

Against concerns about the possible harmful environmental effects of oyster farms, the study suggested that oyster farms had minimal demonstrable impact on the marine ecosystem.

Some locations even exhibited higher seabed diversity compared to control areas, and oyster farms were seen to provide additional habitat structures.

The researchers observed birds, fish, and marine mammals utilizing oyster farms.

Ecosystem function testing demonstrated the role of oyster farms in maintaining ecological balance by contributing to nitrogen cycling processes.

Despite evidence showing increased ammonia inputs associated with oyster farms, microbial communities, particularly those on live oyster shells, were found to facilitate the breakdown of nitrogen compounds.

Surveys at the native oyster farm provided less definitive results due to younger oysters not being sampled.

However, the findings reiterated the importance of continuous restoration efforts for native oyster populations.

Tim Edwards, an oyster farmer from Bantham in Devon, said: "Seeing birds, fish, and even marine mammals thrive around our farms is incredibly rewarding.

"It’s no surprise to us that the study shows that sustainable oyster farming is not just a livelihood for us, but a way to positively enhance the marine ecosystem in the estuary."

Andy Woolmer, an oyster farmer from Angle in Pembrokeshire, said: "This study finally gives us the data to prove that we’re enhancing biodiversity and improving water quality around us for everyone’s benefit."

In light of the study, Envision Marine Ltd has called for a regulatory framework that embraces oyster farming.